Assignment Instructions/ Description
Task 2 Articles: These articles must be published within the last 5 years. All seven articles should focus on a single intervention.
For task 2 - write the PICO question before you do any other parts of the paper. Then reference this question throughout the entire paper.
Please view the library video found in Module 3. Please use the library video examples to select the 7 articles for this task. Remember you can use primary research, secondary research (systematic and integrative reviews), quantitative, and qualitative studies as research in this task. Use the task instruction headings to set up your paper. Use the email tool in the library to set up your reference page (see using email tool in the library video).
We are happy to review article selection concepts for this course with you. Please schedule a call with your assigned CI. You need 5 research articles (level 1-3) and 2 non-research articles (level 4-5) that support a single intervention. See toolkits below to help you with levels and types. For example, if your topic is falls, and your intervention is “patient education on fall risk”, then all your articles have to support education on fall risks. See example search terms for research and non-research articles below.Here is a list of topics to consider. Here are some search words that will focus on a single intervention for each topic. You should consider trying these exact search words to begin the search.
HAND HYGIENE EDUCATION
Articles with the word review in the title are good for task 2 research articles as long as they review research studies (Systematic or Integrative reviews), see chapter 6 & 7. The sample size for a review article is the number of studies reviewed. Always start from the home page of the library to begin your search: For the non-research studies add a second search term to the second row of the search tab as shown below. You may want to begin by searching for the non-research articles as they can be a bit more challenging to review, and remember not to select an article with the words Systematic review or Integrative review in the title as a non-research study (see chapter 6 & 7). Try to select articles for consideration that have the non-research search terms shown below in the title and/or subjects.quality improvementpractice guidelineconsensus panelCNECommentaryexpert opinionAfter you have selected your 5 research articles, consider using each of the non-research search words above in the second row as shown here:
See suggestions below for each section of the taskA1. Healthcare Problem/ A2.Significance of Problem/ A3.Current Practice / A4. Impact on BackgroundWrite 1-2 paragraphs for each response. You may want to include in text citations to support these sections. The A section should only discuss the problem without any mention of the intervention. The current practice should relate to the C in the PICO. Discussion on how the problem impacts either the workplace culture OR the patient's culture is required in A4.
B. PICO Table (Chapter 4) Download the table from Taskstream or just include a 4 row by 2 column table in the paper and use the PICO toolkit as a guide (Module Video 2 and Toolkit, Appendix B).
B1. PICO Question (Chapter 4) Construct the question that relates to the PICO elements in the table using the PICO Question Development toolkit as a guide (Module Video 2.4 and Toolkit, Appendix B). Here is a question template:Among (population), does (intervention) lower (problem) as compared to the current practice?For task 2 - write the PICO question before you do any other parts of the paper. Then reference this question throughout the entire paper.
C1. Keywords. This is just a list of the search terms used.
C2. Number and Types of Articles.Describe the number and research types/subtypes of the articles you find in your search. They may include research articles, quality improvement, practice guidelines, pieces written to educate/inform, expert opinion, and more. This is a bare-bones description of the number and types of articles you find. For example, you might begin by stating the number of articles that came up (10,000) and the number you reviewed (20) then give a breakdown of the types you reviewed (5 RCT, 5 Reviews, 5 Quality Improvement projects, 5 Qualitative). (1 paragraph)
C2a. Research and Non-Research Evidence.(Chapters 6 & 7).You can use 2 of your five research articles here to represent the 2 research studies. Be sure to state if the publication is a research or non-research evidence. Do not use an article with the words systematic review or integrative review in the title as an example of non-research evidence. This will be 4 paragraphs describing the 2 research (Level I-III) and 2 non-research (Level IV-V) studies found during the search. Each paragraph should include the in-text citation for that article, for example:
The first research study found … (Smith & Jones, 2014).
Then write a few sentences about that research study and do the same for the other 3 articles. Review the research evidence appraisal toolkit and Chapter 6 for the research evidence articles. Review the non-research evidence appraisal toolkit and Chapter 7 for the non-research evidence articles.
D. Evidence Matrix.Download the matrix from Taskstream. Enter the 5 research articles (Level I - III) in the table using the level and quality guide toolkit to determine the correct level. The research design/type should be quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods. Remember that: Level 1: Are randomized controlled trials onlyLevel 2: Are quasi-experimental onlyLevel 3:Is everything else
For systematic and integrative reviews, read the level 1-3 definitions in Appendix C. The sample size for review studies are the number of articles reviewed. Please read chapter 6 & 7 and be sure not to include non research evidence such as quality improvement projects in the table (Module Video 3 Toolkit, Appendix C:Level and quality guide).
E. Recommended Practice Change. This section should be a minimum of 6 sentences. The first sentence names the single intervention that all the articles in the matrix support. Then write one sentence each for the 5 studies in the matrix on how each article used the intervention to decrease the stated problem. Each of the five sentences must include an in text citation for that research study. For example, Intentional rounding was shown to decrease falls by 20% over 3 months (Smith, Rogers, & Stein, 2014). (1-2 paragraphs)References Video for help with in text citations (2 minutes)
F1. Key Stakeholders.(Chapter 3, p. 41 & Chapter 8, p. 155) A stakeholder is anyone who has something to win or lose from this change. Also, think about those whom you need to engage in the process to make it a lasting change by involving them in the decision to make the change. They can be floor nurses, nurse educators, nurse managers, nurse administrators, etc. You will need to mention at least 3 different key stakeholders. For each stakeholder, name a strategy to involve them in the decision to change the practice. (1-2 paragraphs)
F2. Barriers.(Chapter 9, p. 177) This section is a discussion of the barriers to change. You may want to talk about change, delegation of tasks, training/education, funding, and attitude toward research as these are areas that cause barriers to initiation and continuing compliance with a practice change. Mention one barrier related to change and one barrier related to translation of research into practice. (1 paragraph)
F3. Strategies for Barriers. (Chapter 9, p. 180)This section will discuss 2 strategies to overcome the identified barriers in section F2. (1 paragraph)
F4. Indicator to Measure Outcome. (Chapter 1, p. 9 & Chapter 8, p. 154 - 155) An indicator is something that can be measured. For example, if the I in the PICO is “hourly rounding to prevent falls” the outcome measure would be the number of falls. Describe how you would measure an improvement after the practice change. (1 paragraph)
G Sources. Remember to include 5 in-text citations in section E from the 5 research studies in the Evidence Matrix. Also, remember that the reference page should include all 7 studies mentioned in the paper, assuming that the 2 research studies in C2a are also included in the 5 research studies in the Evidence Matrix.
For reference page and in text citations: References rules
Task 2 Article that can be usedHand hygiene among healthcare workers: A qualitative meta summary using the GRADE-CERQual process.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5418899/
Example PICO info: https://www.scribd.com/doc/247992208/picot-paper
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